S. 5105 — Collaboration on Adversarial Threats and Security Risks Act

This section defines terms used in the Act, including antitrust laws, artificial intelligence, assistance, covered artificial intelligence security purpose and risk, exclusive purpose, non-Federal entity, and unauthorized access with respect to artificial intelligence.

This section provides an antitrust exemption for two or more non-Federal entities to share information or coordinate agreements to address covered artificial intelligence security risks, including by delaying or limiting AI release, deployment, development, training, testing, or evaluation. Entities must submit prior written notice to the Assistant Attorney General detailing the specific risk and scope of any proposed restriction; shared information must be used solely for security purposes with reasonable internal controls; the exemption serves as an affirmative defense with the burden of proof on the entity; and submitted notices are exempt from FOIA disclosure.

This section authorizes the Attorney General to seek an injunction in federal court against non-Federal entities to halt actions that violate the antitrust laws. It provides that the Act creates no immunity or exemption from such relief if the entities fail to satisfy the burden of proof under section 3(c) or if the Attorney General shows the actions are reasonably likely to increase covered artificial intelligence security risks.