H.R. 5174 — To make revisions in title 51, United States Code, as necessary to keep the title current, and to make technical amendments to improve the United States Code.

This section declares that the purposes of the Act are to revise title 51, United States Code, to keep it current and to make technical amendments that improve the United States Code. It provides that the restatement of existing law does not change the meaning or effect of that law and serves only to clarify it through reorganization, style updates, and correction of drafting errors.

This section revises the structure of title 51, United States Code, by updating tables of contents and chapter headings for funding, facilities and infrastructure, aeronautics and space technology, space resource exploration, spaceports, commercial cargo and crew transportation, space launch systems, and human space flight and exploration. It separates chapter 301 into subchapter I on general provisions and subchapter II on budget provisions, redesignates the budgets section as 30121, redesignates baselines and cost controls as 30103, adds sections 30104 and 30105 requiring reports on estimated costs for Administration programs and annual program cost controls, and updates the House committee name to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology.

This section updates cross-references in titles 5, 28, 31, 36, 42, and 51 of the United States Code and related public laws to reflect the recodification of NASA and space statutes into title 51. It also corrects the section number for revocation of earned release credit from 1932 to 1933 in title 28 and revises chapter headings in title 36 for the National Air and Space Museum and the Corporation for the Promotion of Rifle Practice and Firearms Safety.

This section establishes transitional rules for restated provisions of title 51, United States Code, enacted by section 3. It replaces source provisions enacted on or before April 10, 2025, preserves their original enactment dates, deems references to source provisions as references to restated provisions and vice versa, and continues in effect all regulations, orders, administrative actions, and prior actions or offenses under the restated provisions.

This section repeals dozens of provisions from NASA authorization acts enacted from 1989 through 2021. The repealed sections addressed human space exploration goals, International Space Station operations and utilization, launch vehicle development, workforce and education programs, and related reporting requirements. The repeals take effect upon enactment except for rights, penalties, or proceedings that matured beforehand.